Quote by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz: “Each soul is a world apart, sufficient unto itself, independent of all other creatures.”

Leibniz describes his concept of monads, fundamental, indivisible substances. He suggests that each individual entity, or soul, contains within itself a complete reflection of the universe, operating independently yet in a pre-established harmony with all others, forming a truly unique and self-contained self.

Leibniz's late philosophical work, where he developed his metaphysical system of monads to explain the nature of reality, substance, and the relationship between mind and body, a profound contribution to Western philosophy.

German polymath born in 1646 who made foundational contributions to mathematics, philosophy, and science. He developed calculus independently of Newton, and his philosophical system presented God, nature, and human experience as a pre-established harmony. His Theodicy attempted to reconcile divine goodness with the existence of evil.