Quote by Manulani Aluli Meyer: “Indigenous ways are not about knowing more things, but knowing things differently.”

This quote challenges Western ideas of knowledge by suggesting that true understanding comes from diverse perspectives, not just accumulating facts. It encourages us to explore unique cultural viewpoints and appreciate different forms of intelligence.

At the turn of the millennium, Indigenous scholars like Meyer were pushing back against colonial frameworks, advocating for the recognition and revitalization of traditional knowledge systems. This period saw increased awareness of cultural diversity in academia.

Native Hawaiian educator and scholar whose work centres on indigenous Hawaiian epistemology — the ways Hawaiian culture understands knowledge, spirituality, and intelligence. Her 2003 book Ho'oulu: Our Time of Becoming argues for a Hawaiian philosophy of education. She has taught at the University of Hawaiʻi and the University of Victoria.