Quote by Emperor Menelik II: “We have long been a Christian nation. Our land is our inheritance from God.”

Menelik II emphasized Ethiopia's deep Christian roots and its historical claim to its land as a divine gift. This reinforced national identity and justified resistance against colonial powers who sought to undermine its sovereignty.

In his diplomatic communications, Menelik II frequently leveraged Ethiopia's ancient history and Christian identity. This was a direct assertion of legitimacy against European nations who often sought to impose their own religious and political narratives.

Emperor of Ethiopia from 1889 to 1913, who decisively defeated the Italian army at the Battle of Adwa in 1896 — the first major victory of an African nation against a European colonial power. His modernisation programme and military success preserved Ethiopian independence during the Scramble for Africa.